Center for Effective Lawmaking

Center for Effective Lawmaking

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Vanderbilt University

Discussing Effective Lawmaking with Michigan Senator Sarah Anthony
Conversations with Lawmakers / State Legislatures

Discussing Effective Lawmaking with Michigan Senator Sarah Anthony

Discussing Effective Lawmaking with Michigan Senator Sarah Anthony Senator Sarah Anthony has been representing District 21 in the Michigan Senate since 2023. Previously, she served in the Michigan House of Representatives from 2018 to 2022. Senator Anthony was the first African American woman elected to both the Michigan House of Representatives and Senate in the Lansing area. In 2023, she became the first African American woman to chair the Senate Appropriations Committee in the Michigan Senate. She also served as the first Vice-Chairperson of the Michigan Legislative Black Caucus and…

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June 8, 2026
Announcing the Release of the 88th Texas Legislature (2023-2024) State Legislative Effectiveness Scores (SLES)
Legislative Effectiveness Scores / State Highlights / State Legislative Effectiveness Scores / State Legislatures

Announcing the Release of the 88th Texas Legislature (2023-2024) State Legislative Effectiveness Scores (SLES)

Announcing the Release of the 88th Texas Legislature (2023-2024) State Legislative Effectiveness Scores (SLES) The Center for Effective Lawmaking (CEL) is proud to announce the release of our State Legislative Effectiveness Scores (SLES) for the 88th Texas Legislature (2023-2024) legislative sessions. This initiative is part of our broader effort to measure the lawmaking effectiveness of individual legislators in all 99 state legislative chambers in the United States. These scores capture lawmaking effectiveness by tracking the number of bills that legislators sponsor, how far those bills advance through the legislative process,…

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June 4, 2026
Announcing the Release of the 86th West Virginia Legislature’s (2023-2024) and the 125th South Carolina General Assembly’s (2023-2024) State Legislative Effectiveness Scores (SLES)
State Highlights / State Legislative Effectiveness Scores / State Legislatures

Announcing the Release of the 86th West Virginia Legislature’s (2023-2024) and the 125th South Carolina General Assembly’s (2023-2024) State Legislative Effectiveness Scores (SLES)

Announcing the Release of the 86th West Virginia Legislature’s (2023-2024) and the 125th South Carolina General Assembly’s (2023-2024) State Legislative Effectiveness Scores (SLES) The Center for Effective Lawmaking (CEL) is proud to announce the release of our State Legislative Effectiveness Scores (SLES) for the 86th West Virginia Legislature and the 125th South Carolina General Assembly (2023-2024) legislative sessions. This initiative is part of our broader effort to measure the lawmaking effectiveness of individual legislators in all 99 state legislative chambers in the United States. These scores capture lawmaking effectiveness by…

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May 28, 2026
Announcing the Release of the 135th Ohio General Assembly’s (2023-2024) and the 168th New Hampshire General Court’s (2023-2024) State Legislative Effectiveness Scores (SLES)
State Highlights / State Legislative Effectiveness Scores / State Legislatures

Announcing the Release of the 135th Ohio General Assembly’s (2023-2024) and the 168th New Hampshire General Court’s (2023-2024) State Legislative Effectiveness Scores (SLES)

Announcing the Release of the 135th Ohio General Assembly’s (2023-2024) and the 168th New Hampshire General Court’s (2023-2024) State Legislative Effectiveness Scores (SLES) The Center for Effective Lawmaking (CEL) is proud to announce the release of our State Legislative Effectiveness Scores (SLES) for the 135th Ohio General Assembly and the 168th New Hampshire General (2023-2024) legislative sessions. This initiative is part of our broader effort to measure the lawmaking effectiveness of individual legislators in all 99 state legislative chambers in the United States. These scores capture lawmaking effectiveness by tracking…

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May 21, 2026
Announcing the Release of the 65th Utah Legislature’s (2023-2024), the 108th Nebraska Legislature’s (2023-2024), and the 2023-2024 South Dakota Legislature’s State Legislative Effectiveness Scores (SLES)
State Highlights / State Legislative Effectiveness Scores / State Legislatures

Announcing the Release of the 65th Utah Legislature’s (2023-2024), the 108th Nebraska Legislature’s (2023-2024), and the 2023-2024 South Dakota Legislature’s State Legislative Effectiveness Scores (SLES)

Announcing the Release of the 65th Utah Legislature’s (2023-2024), the 108th Nebraska Legislature’s (2023-2024), and the 2023-2024 South Dakota Legislature’s State Legislative Effectiveness Scores (SLES) The Center for Effective Lawmaking (CEL) is proud to announce the release of our State Legislative Effectiveness Scores (SLES) for the 65th Utah Legislature (2023-2024), the 108th Nebraska Legislature (2023-2024), and the 2023-2024 South Dakota Legislature. This initiative is part of our broader effort to measure the lawmaking effectiveness of individual legislators in all 99 state legislative chambers in the United States.These scores capture lawmaking…

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May 14, 2026
Announcing the Release of the 2023-2024 North Carolina General Assembly and the 56th New Mexico Legislature Legislative Sessions State Legislative Effectiveness Scores (SLES)
State Highlights / State Legislative Effectiveness Scores / State Legislatures

Announcing the Release of the 2023-2024 North Carolina General Assembly and the 56th New Mexico Legislature Legislative Sessions State Legislative Effectiveness Scores (SLES)

Announcing the Release of the 2023-2024 North Carolina General Assembly and the 56th New Mexico Legislature Legislative Sessions State Legislative Effectiveness Scores (SLES) The Center for Effective Lawmaking (CEL) is proud to announce the release of our State Legislative Effectiveness Scores (SLES) for the 2023-2024 North Carolina General Assembly and the 56th New Mexico Legislature (2023-2024) legislative sessions. This initiative is part of our broader effort to measure the lawmaking effectiveness of individual legislators in all 99 state legislative chambers in the United States. These scores capture lawmaking effectiveness by tracking…

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May 7, 2026
Legislative Effectiveness, Progressive Ambition, and Electoral Success
Blog / Legislative Research / State Legislatures

Legislative Effectiveness, Progressive Ambition, and Electoral Success

Legislative Effectiveness, Progressive Ambition, and Electoral Success Wednesday, May 6, 2026In this newly published paper in the American Political Science Review, Co-Directors Craig Volden (University of Virginia) and Alan Wiseman (Vanderbilt University), and Faculty Affiliates Danielle Thomsen (University of California-Irvine) and Sarah Treul (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) examine the question of whether effective state lawmakers are more likely than ineffective state lawmakers to be elected to Congress. The authors draw on the CEL’s dataset of State Legislative Effectiveness Scores from 1993 to 2018 to examine the relationship between lawmaker effectiveness…

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May 6, 2026
Announcing the Release of the 102nd Missouri General Assembly, the 131st Maine Legislature, and the 2023-2024 Kansas Legislature Legislative Sessions State Legislative Effectiveness Scores (SLES)
State Highlights / State Legislative Effectiveness Scores / State Legislatures

Announcing the Release of the 102nd Missouri General Assembly, the 131st Maine Legislature, and the 2023-2024 Kansas Legislature Legislative Sessions State Legislative Effectiveness Scores (SLES)

Announcing the Release of the 102nd Missouri General Assembly, the 131st Maine Legislature, and the 2023-2024 Kansas Legislature Legislative Sessions State Legislative Effectiveness Scores (SLES) The Center for Effective Lawmaking (CEL) is proud to announce the release of our State Legislative Effectiveness Scores (SLES) for the 102nd Missouri General Assembly (2023-2024), the 131st Maine Legislature (2023-2024), and the 2023-2024 Kansas Legislature legislative sessions. This initiative is part of our broader effort to measure the lawmaking effectiveness of individual legislators in all 99 state legislative chambers in the United States. These scores capture…

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April 30, 2026
Announcing the Release of the 193rd Massachusetts General Court and the 93rd Minnesota Legislature (2023-2024) Legislative Sessions State Legislative Effectiveness Scores (SLES)
State Highlights / State Legislative Effectiveness Scores / State Legislatures

Announcing the Release of the 193rd Massachusetts General Court and the 93rd Minnesota Legislature (2023-2024) Legislative Sessions State Legislative Effectiveness Scores (SLES)

Announcing the Release of the 193rd Massachusetts General Court and the 93rd Minnesota Legislature (2023-2024) Legislative Sessions State Legislative Effectiveness Scores (SLES) The Center for Effective Lawmaking (CEL) is proud to announce the release of our State Legislative Effectiveness Scores (SLES) for the 193rd Massachusetts General Court (2023-2024) and the 93rd Minnesota Legislature (2023-2024) legislative sessions. This initiative is part of our broader effort to measure the lawmaking effectiveness of individual legislators in all 99 state legislative chambers in the United States. These scores capture lawmaking effectiveness by tracking the number of…

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April 23, 2026
Cover Bills
Center Affiliates / Faculty Affiliates / Legislative Anaylsis / Legislative Research

Cover Bills

Cover Bills Tuesday, April 21, 2026Legislators sometimes vote on bills that fail but, in the process, allow lawmakers to take an extreme position before ultimately voting to compromise. These proposals are commonly known as cover bills. Through two survey experiments featured in a newly published paper in Legislative Studies Quarterly, Assistant Professor and Center for Effective Lawmaking (CEL) Faculty Affiliate Christian Fong and PhD candidate Nicolas Florez (both of the University of Michigan) show that primary voters are more supportive of a compromiser if that legislator first votes for a cover…

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April 21, 2026

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